Coksartrosis, or degenerative disease of the hip joint, is one of the most serious pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.Due to the large dimensions of joint structures, pain and discomfort are much more serious than with the defeat of other joints.The consequences of the pathology are also serious: if the destruction of small bone joints causes many unpleasant sensations, then the arthrosis of the hip joint without treatment is a path directed towards disability.Only correct therapy, and sometimes the operation, will help a person not to lose the ability to walk.
What is the arthrosis of the hip joint?
Coksartrosis, osteoarthritis, arthrosis of the hip joint - Synonyms of the same pathological process, which flows into the thigh on one or two sides.In modern medicine, the pathology is also called osteoarthritis: previously it was believed that the degenerative processes were not characterized by inflammation, but more accurate studies have shown the opposite.The tissues concerned of the joint cartilage secrete inflammatory elements (interleuchine), therefore arthrosis is another real term.
The disease is characterized by the following signs:
- Advances constantly, moving from one phase to another;
- Leads to persistent pain, limiting the mobility of the joint;
- It causes deformation of bone surfaces, partial or complete destruction of the Ialine cartilage;
- In a detailed phase, the elderly are more inherent in people, but often begin after 40 years;
- 70% of people over the age of 75 have symptoms of pathology;
- Often suffer from women's diseases.
The joint is a mechanism in which there are rubbing details.Due to the decrease in the quality or quantity of lubrication (inter-blocked fluid), the contact surfaces are consumed.Small cracks appear on the cartilage, later they are destroyed and instead of healthy tissues, bone corn appears.These growth do not allow the leg to move normally, its functions are lost.
The reasons for the development of the disease
The arthrosis of the region of the right or left thigh can be primary or secondary and the first option is a characteristic for people in old age.The disease of the primary form develops for decades, associated with wear -related wear and destruction of cartilage.
Secondary Coksartrosis has other causes and can also start in a young man.It is associated with inflammation (infectious, autoimmune), which gives an impetus at the beginning of the pathology.In addition, the cause can be the injury suffered (bruises, dislocation, bone fracture).Other possible causes of the secondary form:
- Operations in this anatomical area;
- Diabetes and other serious metabolic pathologies;
- Hormonal diseases;
- Congenital forms, acquired of curvature and movement of bones;
- Joint dysplasia in a child;
Pronance of the swivel, necrosis of the hip head;- Vascular diseases of a systemic nature, leading to a deterioration of cartilage nutrition;
- Bone tuberculosis, rheumatoid osteoarthritis;
- Gout, perties disease;
- The tumors are benign, evil.
The symptoms of arthrosis of the hip joint of any form will appear faster if the risk factors act on the body:
- Constant stress, nervous shock, depression and experiences;
- Obesity, even moderate excess weight;
- Unfavorable inheritance;
- Hypodynamia, sedentary work or some professions with a high load on the joint;
- Excessive physical loads (power), professional sports.
Symptoms of the disease
The development of the hip joint development and its symptoms cannot be noticed.Even in an initial phase, the disease makes itself felt and, above all, pain.The pain, with the resulting and progressive arthrosis of the hip joint, increases as the disease passes from one phase to another.It appears in the thigh area, they give it to the knee, to the groin, even in the lower abdomen.Usually, after sleep, the pain attenuates itself, but in the advanced phase it can be constantly present.On palpation, pain is not always felt, because damage to the joint can start with deeply positioned parts.
Other possible signs of the disease:
- A crunch that appears when it moves, sometimes even with a light;
- Rose, changing the pace;
- Shorten the legs on the side where there is arthrosis of the hip joint;
- Removal station, limited rotation, moving the leg.
As they develop, other signs of pathology appear.Therefore, the feeling gives a feeling of bone deformation, the presence of growths.The doctor, at the exam, observes muscle atrophy and the patient also in ordinary life is forced to move with a stick, a crutch for the pain and weakness of the limb.
In general, pain and other clinical manifestations depend heavily on the stadium.These stages of Coksartrosis are distinguished:
- First.The symptoms are not tanned, but the initial changes are already evident in the diagnosis.The synovial fluid becomes more often, its volume decreases, the structure of the cartilage at the end of the stadium changes.Small cracks seem that the body is trying to treat forming small "corn".
- The second.The pain in this phase is quite evident, the creaking, the limitation of the motor function is clear.Pain syndrome radiates to other parts of the body, the entire leg spreads.The image is visible: the thinning of the cartilage, narrowing the distance between the bones, a violation of the structure of the joint surfaces, sometimes - the movement of the head of the cable bone.The number of bone growths (osteophytes) has increased.
- The third.The pain becomes unbearable, a person is very limited in motion, many completely stop moving.The cartilage is almost completely destroyed, the atrophy of the muscles, the articulation is very deformed.Bone osteophytes have the shape of peaks and irritate nerve endings.
What are the risks and complications?
It is easy to understand: if with a pathology such as the arthrosis of the articulation of the hip, the symptoms and the treatment are defined incorrectly, prematurely, this threatens to disability.A painful pain syndrome, the inability to walk, the need for constant care is that what awaits a person without the treatment of this disease.
The disability in the event of damage to the bones of the thigh is established on the basis of the severity of the disease, with a complete absence of the opportunity to work, they give the first group.Surgery is shown to these patients: this is the only effective method of treatment in this situation.But also modern operations methods can bear the risk of complications:
- Infectious infection;
- Thrombosis, embolism thrombus;
- Significant blood loss.
The total share of complications is small-0.5-2%, but take place.Very often, there is an infection of the prosthesis, which must therefore be changed in a new one.That's why after the operation it is important to conduct a treatment course with antibiotics.
Diagnostic measures for arthrosis
Turning to the traumatologist, surgeon, orthopedist is recommended to ask for help from the first signs of damage to the femoral area.Initially, with suspicion of arthrosis of the hip joint, the doctor leads physical tests:
- He feels the upper part of the thigh, reveals the points of the painting of pain, bone osteophytes;
- It performs passive foot movements: flexion, extension, kidnapping and bringing to clarify the volume of possible movements.
It will help to diagnose and prescribe more carefully the treatment of arthrosis of the hip joint, instrumental diagnosis will help.Generally, the X -ray is performed: the cheapest and most convenient research method.It is recommended to create a radius X on modern devices or replace it on CT, where the quality of the images is much higher.CT provides exhaustive information on the condition of bones, cartilage, joint surfaces.If a detailed study of the condition of soft tissues is required (for example, when the nervous root is pinned), the specialist will prescribe a magnetic resonance imaging.
Other possible diagnostic measures:
- Ultrasound of the joint;
- Arthroscopy;
- Blood test for the rheumatoid factor;
- Tubercolina champions;
- Biochemical analysis in case of suspicion of diabetes, gout.
It is very important to find the cause of secondary Coksartrosis, because without influencing it to stop the course of the disease it will not work.
Treatment of the arthrosis of the hip joint - medicines and physiotherapy
If the signs of the disease are implicit and have not gone to the stadium of irreversible changes, the conservative treatment will help the patient.The drugs will need therapy even when the arthrosis of the hip joint has gained a serious form, as a component of the course of treatment.
How to treat the arthrosis of the hip joint?There is a program of correction of disease drugs:
- Non -pounded anti -inflammatory drugs.Pills or injections will help you get rid of pain, inflammation.It is impossible to use them in an uncontrollable way: their cartilage ability to regeneration will also decrease the stomach and intestine will suffer considerably of fans.
- Vascular medicines.Treatment with these drugs helps to improve cartilage nutrition and promotes their restoration.
- Musorelassanti.Shown by spastic pain in the muscles caused by damage to the thigh area.
- Condroprotectors.The arthrosis of the hip joint requires a mandatory and multi -mese administration of these drugs. It is also necessary to use modules injection courses, including the joint cavity.An even more effective technique is considered the introduction of hyaluronic acid drugs in the articulation.
- Corticosteroids.They are used in extreme cases in the form of intra -articular injections.This treatment is necessary if the symptoms become unbearable.
External agents (ointments, gel) for coxartrosis are generally ineffective due to a deep series of the joint.But physiotherapy techniques are often used and give serious pain relief.UHF, laser therapy, magnetotherapy on the thigh area, UHF, massage are performed.In addition, with osteoarthritis, in some cases manual therapy is indicated - the hood of the joint.
Popular remedies for arthrosis
Many use popular treatment for this pathology, although the arthrosis of the hip joint does not respond well to various external methods.Only with severe pain can it be applied to a painful point compresses with isolation, although this will be more distracted.The treatment of complicated and neglected arthrosis of the hip joint is carried out at best by oral administration:
- Pour 100 g of dry grass of the 500 ml saber of vodka, insist 10 days in the dark, take 30 drops three times a day to relieve inflammation;
- Daily do Jelly, in the absence of contraindications, regularly cooks cold men: the dishes will not be worse than the chondroprotectors.
You can calm the pain using such a compress.It is also necessary to mix honey, medical bile, ammonia, glycerin, apply to the joint, collapse with a hot cloth.Leave the system for 3 hours, then wash away.
Other methods and operations
For the full treatment of osteoarthritis, it is very important to observe the correct diet, you will have to refuse the food that violates the influx of blood and the worsening of the cartilage.These are smoked meats, vinegar, crossed food, fried food and food with preservatives, trans fats.But there should be more dishes with magnesium, potassium, iodine, football in the diet.
How to treat the arthrosis of the hip joint is mandatory is therapeutic gymnastics.The hot newspapers, the special exercises in the lie position should be performed by all patients.For example, it is necessary to slowly raise the leg and keep on the floor for several seconds.
It is important to exclude sudden movements, prevent prolonged and fast walk - with coks arthrosis, this will improve only the progression of the disease.To download the joint, you can use a stick, crutches, even an orthopedist can recommend special orthoses to soften the load.
The treatment of arthrosis of the articulation of the hip of the third, the last stadium is performed only with the help of surgery, other methods are ineffective.In 95% of cases, the operation has a positive result, the movements of the legs are restored in full.But the prostheses are not eternal, their service duration is up to 20 years, so the operation is an extreme measure.During the endoprothetic, its changes joined to the artificial one and the arthrosis of the hip joint do not threaten it anymore.
Coksartrosis prevention
In order not to conduct a complex treatment of pathology, do not suffer from pain, it is important to start preventive measures from an early age.Coksartrosis prevention is particularly important for those who are exposed to risk factors.
So that the flow of blood to the cartilage does not suffer, follows:
- Eat with the inclusion of vegetable foods in the menu, sufficient quantity of low fat, cottage, jelly, acid -milk food;
- Stop smoking, do not abuse alcohol;
- At the sedentary work they lead regularly hot, do simple exercises;
- Abandoning a sedentary lifestyle in favor of skiing, swimming, other low intensity aerobic loads.
So that a person does not disturb the arthrosis of the hip joint, you should check the body weight, prevent obesity and the appearance of even 5-10 more pounds, seriously improves the load on the femoral area.Coksartrosis can only be felt with an integrated approach and a healthy lifestyle!